The following resources provide information on liquid crystals:
FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
What do liquid crystals look like?
How were liquid crystals discovered?
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For a comprehensive list of books on liquid crystals consult the Kent State University Chemical-Physics Library.
The Chemical Physics Library, Kent State University, has an extensive collection of books and articles on liquid crystals.
Liquid Crystals: Nature's Delicate Phase of Matter, Peter Collings, Princeton University Press (paperback), 1990. ISBN-0-691-08509-9 (alk. paper) - ISBN 0-691-02429-4
Liquid Crystals, H. Stegemeyer,
Guest Ed., H. Baumgartel, E.U. Franck, W. Grunbein, eds. Springer:
New York (1994).
ISBN 0-387-91421-8.
Thermotropic Liquid Crystals,
G.W. Gray, ed., published for the Society of Chemical Industry
by John Wiley & Sons (1987)
ISBN 0 471 91504 1.
Liquid Crystals: Applications and Uses,
Vol. 2, B. Bahadur, ed., World Scientific (1991)
ISBN 981-02-0111-7
Handbook of Liquid Crystal Research,
P.J. Collings and J.S. Patel, eds., Oxford University Press (1997)
ISBN 0-19-508442-X
Handbook of Liquid Crystals,
H. Kelker and R. Hatz, Verlag Chemie (1980)
ISBN 0-89573-008-1
Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals: Principles,
Properties and Applications, Vol. 7: Ferroelectricity
and Related Phenomena, J.W. Goodby, R. Blinc, N.A. Clar, S.T.
Lagerwall, M.A. Osipov, S.A. Piking, T. Sakurai, K. Yoshino, B.
Zeks, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers (1991)
ISBN 2-88124-282-0
Smectic Liquid Crystals,
G.W. Gray and J.W. Goodby, Leonard Hill Publishing (1984)
ISBN 0-249-44168-3
Textures of Liquid Crystals,
D. Demus and L. Richter, Verlag Chemie: New York (1978)
ISBN 0-89573-015-4
"Phase of the Future," R.J. Ondris-Crawford, G.P. Crawford, and J.W. Doane, Physics Teacher 30, 332-339 (1992).
"Inexpensive Electrooptic Experiments on Liquid Crystal Displays," T.M. Ciferno, R.J. Ondris-Crawford and G.P. Crawford, Physics Teacher 33, 104-110 (1995).
"SAM-Net (Science and Math on the Net): Connecting Students and Teachers to Scientific Research Through Scientific Communication and Electronic Networking," L. Bartolo and P. Palffy-Muhoray, J. Computers in Math. and Sci. Teach. 17, 133-147 (1998).
"Recent Developments in Bistable Cholesteric Displays," B. Taheri, J.L. West, D.K. Yang, SPIE 3297, 115-121 (1998).
"Liquid Crystals in Education: The Nematic-Isotropic Transition," T.M. Ciferno and R-M. Marroum, Liquid Crystals Today, 5, 7-8, (1996).
"Liquid Crystal Displays," Peter J. Collings, Amer. J. Phys. 63,1044-1048 (1995).
"Liquid Crystal Displays: Molecules at Work, R.J. Ondris-Crawford and G.P. Crawford, Phys. Educ. 29, 307-312 (1994).
"Crystal Clear Technology," R.J. Ondris-Crawford, G.P. Crawford and J.W. Doane, Science Teacher, 60, 22-25 (1993).
"Liquid Crystals --The Chameleon Chemicals," Glenn H. Brown, J. Chem. Education 60, 900-905 (1983).
References for the physics behind the liquid crystal photographs:
"Just thin nematic films...," O.D.Lavrentovich, Liquid Crystals Today, 2, p.3-4 (1992).
"Patterns and divergence ("surface-like") elasticity
in thin liquid crystalline films," O.D.Lavrentovich and V.M.Pergamenshchik,
Int. J.Mod.Phys. B 9, Nos.18-19, 2389-2437 (1995)
and as a chapter in the book, Liquid Crystals In the Nineties
and Beyond, Edited by S. Kumar,
World Scientific: Singapore, 1995, pp. 251-299.
"Defects in degenerate hybrid aligned nematic liquid crystals," O.D. Lavrentovich and Yu.A. Nastishin, Europhys.Lett., 12, p.135-141 (1990).
"Hybrid aligned nematic film with horizontally degenerated boundary conditions and saddle-splay elastic term," O.D. Lavrentovich, Physica Scripta T39, 394-395 (1991).
"Geometrical anchoring at inclined surface of a liquid crystal," O.D. Lavrentovich, Phys.Rev. A 15, 46, R722-R725 (1992).
"Stripe domain phase of a thin nematic film and the K13 elasticity, " O.D. Lavrentovich and V.M. Pergamenshchik, Phys.Rev.Lett. 73, 979-982 (1994).
"Magnetic field effect on periodic stripe domains in nematic liquid crystals," A. Sparavigna, O.D. Lavrentovich, and A. Strigazzi, Phys.Rev.E 51, 792-795 (1995).
"Monte Carlo Simulations of Stable Point Defects in Hybrid Nematic Films," C. Chiccoli, O.D. Lavrentovich, P. Pasini, and C. Zannoni, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, No.22, p. 4401-4404 (1997).
ALCOM Education Web site: K-12
Education Outreach
This site contains education newsletters, projects,
tutorials, references and an electronic library. Students and
teachers can submit questions to "Ask-A-Scientist."
Responses are posted and archived on the web for world-wide use.
Polymer Liquid
Crystal On-Line Tutorial and CDROM,
developed by Case Western Reserve University.
The Polymers and Liquid Crystals (PLC) tutorial provides a basic
introduction at the college freshman/high school senior levels
to the fields of polymers, liquid crystals, polymer liquid crystals
and liquid crystal displays. This material, also available on
a CDROM, contains interactive virtual laboratories, animations,
and digitized video clips in addition to hypertext for use in
self-instruction or as part of a formal course.
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